Historically, electric vehicles (EVs) have not been widely adopted because of limited driving range before needing to be recharged, long recharging times, and a lack of commitment by automakers to produce and market electric cars that have all the creature comforts of gas-powered cars. That’s changing. As battery technology improves - simultaneously increasing energy storage and reducing cost - major automakers are expected to begin introducing a new generation of electric cars.
Electric vehicles produce no tailpipe emissions, reduce our dependency on oil, and are cheaper to operate. EVs generally cost less in total to own, operate and maintain than combustion-powered vehicles, even in cases where the initial purchase price is somewhat higher. Electric motors have very few moving parts and don’t need fluids such as engine oil, anti-freeze or transmission fluid, so they require relatively little maintenance and are far less likely to leak. Excellent reliability means down time is less likely, too.
In the literal sense, of course, the EV is the "emission-elsewhere" car. The electricity to power the car has to be generated somewhere. And, though some energy is available from sustainable energy sources like wind, solar, and water power, the bulk comes from coal- and oil-fueled power plants.
EVs also run far more quietly than their combustion-powered counterparts which enhances worker health and comfort – a smart move in an era of rising medical costs. Most EVs charge up at night when system wide demand for electricity is low. They tap existing generating capacity that is not fully used rather than increasing demand for new capacity.
Speaking of convenience of electric vehicles, let's not forget two important points: charging up at home means never going to a gas station—and electric cars require almost none of the maintenance, like oil changes and emissions checks, that internal combustion cars require.
In a word, an electric vehicle is one that uses an electric motor instead of an engine, and batteries instead of a fuel tank and gasoline. The electric motor is the size of a five-gallon water bottle and bolts right to the stock transmission. The batteries are similar in size and shape to the one used to start your car's engine. There are just many more of them. The accelerator pedal is connected to a "potbox," which operates the electronic control ler. Pressing the accelerator smoothly delivers power to the motor in proportion to the amount of pedal you give it.
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